Europe General Cross-Cutting Health Issues

General Cross-Cutting Issues: (OECD, 2017)

Main causes of mortality

Health at a Glance: Europe 2020 : State of Health in the EU Cycle

OECD iLibrary (oecd-ilibrary.org)

  • Circulatory/Cardiovascular diseases
  • Cancer
  • Respiratory Diseases
  • Tooth Decay
    •  The most common noncommunicable disease in Europe. (WHO-Europe, 2022)
  • Road Injury

Gestation – Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) = 9 deaths (per 100,000 live births)

Maternal deaths per 100 000 live births, max of cod and clinical data – European Health Information Gateway (who.int)

 Top Causes of Unborn Deaths (Stillbirths):

(WHO-Europe, 2022)

WHO/Europe | Maternal and newborn health – Infographic – Stillbirths: A Neglected Tragedy

  • Pregnancy and childbirth complications
  • Lifestyle factors
  • Diabetes and hypertension
  • Maternal Infections (syphilis, malaria, HIV)
  • Preterm birth
  • Birth Defects

Stillbirth rate: 4.0 [3.8-3.0] (per 1000 total births) (WHO, 2020)

GHO | By category | Stillbirth rate – Data by WHO Region

Major Cause for Newborn Illness/Defects:

Top Causes of Maternal Deaths: (WHO-Europe, 2022)

WHO/Europe | Maternal and newborn health – Maternal mortality

  • Severe bleeding (mostly bleeding after childbirth)
  • Infections (usually after childbirth)
  • High blood pressure during pregnancy (preeclampsia and eclampsia)
  • Complications from delivery
  • Other (Infections or chronic conditions such as cardiac diseases or diabetes)

Child and Adolescent Health

WHO/Europe | Challenges in child and adolescent health

  • Low exclusive infant breastfeeding rates
    • Helps reduce risk for diarrhea, pneumonia, and asthma. (WHO-Europe, 2022)
  • Road Injury
    •  Leading cause of death for children aged 5-14. (WHO-Europe, 2022)
  • Self-Harm and adolescent mental health
    • Anxiety and depression are among the top five causes of overall disease burden. (WHO-Europe, 2022)
  • Aggressive promotion of unhealthy food
    • “High sugar intake increases the risk of overweight, obesity and dental caries.” (WHO-Europe, 2022).
  • Low vaccination
    • “A preventable disease, the WHO European Region has the 2nd highest number of measles cases globally.” (WHO-Europe, 2022).

Reproductive Years (WHO-Europe, 2016)

WHO/Europe | Gender – Women’s health and well-being in Europe: beyond the mortality advantage (2016)

  • Mental health (depression and anxiety)
  • Musculoskeletal and neurological disorders
  • Substance use disorders (smoking)
  • Respiratory diseases
  • Obesity
  • Alcohol use
  • Iron deficiency

Menopause/Post-Menopause/Aging

WHO/Europe | Gender – Women’s health and well-being in Europe: beyond the mortality advantage (2016)

  • Cardiovascular disease
  • Stroke
  • Lower back and neck pain
  • Neurological disorders
  • Cancer (breast, cervical, lung, and ovarian)

Citations for Europe:

Gestation:

Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). Main Causes of Mortality. (2017). Main causes of mortality | Health at a Glance: Europe 2020 : State of Health in the EU Cycle | OECD iLibrary (oecd-ilibrary.org). Accessed January 27, 2022.

World Health Organization – Europe (WHO-Europe). Maternal deaths per 100 000 live births, max of cod and clinical data. WHO-Europe: European Health Information Gateway. Maternal deaths per 100 000 live births, max of cod and clinical data – European Health Information Gateway (who.int). Accessed January 27, 2022.

World Health Organization – Europe (WHO-Europe). Data and Statistics. (2022). WHO/Europe | Maternal and newborn health – Data and statistics.  Accessed January 27, 2022.

World Health Organization – Europe (WHO – Europe). Infographic – Stillbirths: A Neglected Tragedy. (2022). WHO/Europe | Maternal and newborn health – Infographic – Stillbirths: A Neglected Tragedy. Accessed January 27, 2022.

World Health Organization – Europe (WHO – Europe). Maternal mortality. (2022). WHO/Europe | Maternal and newborn health – Maternal mortality. Accessed January 27, 2022.

World Health Organization (WHO). Stillbirth rate: Data by WHO region. (2020 October 15). WHO. GHO | By category | Stillbirth rate – Data by WHO Region. Accessed January 29, 2022.

Child and Adolescent Health

World Health Organization – Europe (WHO-Europe). Child and adolescent Health. (2022). WHO/Europe | Child and adolescent health. Accessed January 27, 2022.

World Health Organization – Europe (WHO-Europe). Challenges in child and adolescent health. (2022). WHO/Europe | Challenges in child and adolescent health. Accessed January 27, 2022.

Reproductive Years and Menopause/Post-Menopause/Aging

World Health Organization – Europe (WHO-Europe). Women’s health and well-being in Europe: beyond the mortality advantage. (2016). WHO/Europe | Gender – Women’s health and well-being in Europe: beyond the mortality advantage (2016). Accessed January 26, 2022.